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Synonymy

Synonymy - Picea abies

Pinaceae Pine Family

Picea abies (L.) H.Karst.
Norway spruce, common spruce (of Europe) ; Fr: épinette de Norvège, epicéa commun

  • [=Abies abies (L.) Borbas 1902, nom. inval. tautonym]
  • [=Abies abies (L.) Druce 1925, nom. inval. tautonym]
  • [=Abies abies (L.) Rusby1892, nom. inval. tautonym]
  • [=Abies aclada J.Salvi]
  • [=Abies alpestris Brügger]
  • [=Abies cinerea Borkh.]
  • [=Abies clambrasiliana Lavallée, nom. inval., pro syn.]
  • [=Abies clanbrassiliana P.Lawson]
  • [=Abies coerulescens K.Koch]
  • [=Abies communis P.Lawson, nom. illeg. superfl.]
  • [=Abies communis P.Lawson var. fruticosa Endl.]
  • [=Abies communis P.Lawson var. mucronata Loudon]
  • [=Abies communis P.Lawson var. pendula Booth ex P.Lawson]
  • [=Abies conica Lavallée, nom. inval., pro syn.]
  • [=Abies cranstonii Lavallée, nom. inval.]
  • [=Abies elegans Js.Sm. ex Loudon]
  • [=Abies eremita K.Koch]
  • [=Abies erythrocarpa (Purk.) Nyman]
  • [=Abies excelsa DC. 1805, nom. illeg. hom., non Poir. 1804]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir.]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. subvar. clanbrassiliana-variegata J.Nelson]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. (unranked) attenuata Knight]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. (unranked) merkii (Beissn.) Dieck., nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. (unranked) parviformis Maxwell 1874, nom. illeg. hom., non R.Sm. 1865]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. (unranked) parviformis R.Sm.]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. (unranked) procumbens (Carrière) A.Murray]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. argentea Berg, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. brevifolia Cripps ex Gordon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. carpatica Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. clambrasiliana Lavallée, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. clanbrassiliana Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. clanbrassiliana-stricta Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. columnaris Jacques]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. communis Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. compacta Booth ex G.Kirchn.]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. concinna Hogg ex Knight]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. conica Lavalée, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. cranstonii Knight]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. denudata (Carrière) J.Nelson]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. echiniformis P.Lawson]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. elegans (Js.Sm. ex Loudon) J.Forbes]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. finedonensis Paul ex Gordon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. gigantea (Js.Sm. ex Loudon) Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. gregoryana Paul ex Gordon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. horizontalis R.Sm.]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. inversa Gordon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. inverta R.Sm. ex Gordon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. maxwellii R.Sm.]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. miniata J.Forbes]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. monstrosa Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. mucronata (Loudon) Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. nigra Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. parvula Knight]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. pendula (Booth ex P.Lawson) Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. pendula (Booth ex P.Lawson) Van Geert 1868, nom. illeg. isonym., non (Booth ex P.Lawson) Loudon 1838]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. pendula Croux 1889, nom. illeg. isonym., non (Booth ex P.Lawson) Loudon 1838]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. pumila-glauca A.H.Kent]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. pumila Maxwell 1875, nom. illeg. isonym., non R.Sm.1874]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. pumila R.Sm.]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. pygmaea Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. pyramidalis Gordon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. remontii R.Sm.]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. stricta Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. tenuifolia (Js.Sm. ex Loudon) Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. variegata Loudon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. viminalis (Alstr.) Lindl. & Gordon]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. virgata Jacques]
  • [=Abies excelsa Poir. var. vulgaris Willk.]
  • [=Abies extrema Th.Fr.]
  • [=Abies gigantea Js.Sm. ex Loudon]
  • [=Abies gregoryana H.Low ex Gordon]
  • [=Abies gregoryii hort. ex Gordon]
  • [=Abies inverta R.Sm. ex Gordon, nom. illeg.]
  • [=Abies lemoniana Booth ex Gordon]
  • [=Abies minima Lavallée, nom. inval., pro syn.]
  • [=Abies minuta Poir.]
  • [=Abies montana Nyman]
  • [=Abies mucronata (Loudon) Rauch ex Carrière 1867, nom. illeg. hom., non Raf. 1832]
  • [=Abies mucronata Rauch ex Gordon 1858, nom. inval., pro syn.]
  • [=Abies pectinata Gilib., nom. inval.]
  • [=Abies picea Mill.]
  • [=Abies pumila Voss, nom. inval., pro syn.]
  • [=Abies rugosa Lavallée, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Abies subarctica (Schur) Nyman]
  • [=Abies tenuifolia Js.Sm. ex Loudon]
  • [=Abies viminalis (Alstr.) Wahlenb.]
  • [=Abies vulgaris Wender.1851, nom. illeg. hom., non Poir.1804]
  • [=Abies vulgaris Wender. var. nana Wender.]
  • [=Peuce abies (L.) Rich.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma acrocona (Th.Fr) Th.Fr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma acuminata (Beck) Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma alnetocortea Ozolincius]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma apiculata (Beck) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma araucarioides (Beissn.) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma argentea (Beissn.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma argenteospica (Hesse ex Beissn.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma attenuata (Carrière) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma aurea (Carrière) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma aurescens Slavin]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma barryi (Beissn.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma carpatica (Loudon) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma chlorocarpa (Purk.) Th.Fr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma cincinnata (Hesse ex Beissn.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma clanbrassiliana (Loudon) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma columnaris (Jacques) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma compacta (Booth ex G.Kirchn.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma conica (Endl.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma conwentzii Wittr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma corticata H.E.Schröt.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma cupressina (F.Thomas) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma deflexa (Tyszkiewicz) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma dicksonii (Beissn.) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma diedorfiana (Schwer.) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma elegans (Js.Sm. ex Loudon) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma ellwangeriana (Beissn.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma erythrocarpa (Purk.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma europaea (Tepl.) Jurkov. & Parfenov]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma falcata (F.May) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma falcato-viminalis (Schwer.) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma finedonensis (Paul ex Gordon) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma gigantea (Beissn.) Boom]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma glabocortea Ozolincius]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma glomerulans (Kihlm.) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma gregoryana (Paul ex Gordon) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma hercynica (Beissn.) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma highlandia Slavin]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma integrisquamis (Carrière) P.A.Schmidt]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma interrupta (Beissn.) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma inversa (Gordon) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma laminosocortea Ozolincius]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma lubecensis (Rose) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma mammillosa Schröt.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma maxwellii (R.Sm.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma merkii (Th.Ohlend. ex Beissn.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma microphylla (Carrière) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma microsperma (Hornibr.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma monstrosa (Loudon) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma mucronata (Loudon) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma nana (Carrière) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma nidiformis (Loudon) Slavin]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma nigra (Loudon) Th.Fr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma ovata Prieh.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma palustris (Berg) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma parsonsii (Hornibr.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma parviformis (R.Sm.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma pendula (Booth ex P.Lawson) Sylvén]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma pendula-monstrosa (Beissn.) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma procumbens (Carrière) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma pumilaglauca (A.H.Kent) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma pumila (R.Sm.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma pygmaea (Loudon) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma pyramidalis (Gordon) R.E.Fr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma pyramidata (Carrière) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma remontii (R.Sm.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma rimosocortea Ozolincius]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma rotundata Prieh.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma squarrosa (Jacobasch) denOuden & Boom]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma strigosa (Christ) Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma tabuliformis (Carrière) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma triloba (Asch. & Graebn.) denOuden & Boom]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma veitchii (Hornibr.) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma viminalis (Alstr.) Lindm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. forma virgata (Jacques) Rehder]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. subsp. acuminata (Beck) Parfenov]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. subsp. acuminata (Beck) Silba 2008, nom. illeg. isonym., non (Beck) Parfenov 1971]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. subsp. europaea (Tepl.) Hyl.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. (unranked) hornibrookii denOuden]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. abbeyleixensis Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. abies]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. archangelica (P.Lawson ex Sénécl.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. arctica Lindq.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. aurea (Carrière) Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. aurea Nash, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. barryi (Beissn.) Nash ex Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. barryi Nash, nom. inval., nom. nud.]]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. beissneri Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. capitata (Carrière) L.H.Bailey]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. cellensis (Schiebler ex Beissn.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. clanbrassiliana-elegans (C.Lawson) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. clanbrassiliana (Loudon) Th.Fr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. clanbrassiliana-stricta (Loudon) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. clanbrassiliana-variegata (J.Nelson) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. coerulea (Breinig ex Beissn.) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. compacta-asselyn (Hornibr.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. compacta (Booth ex G.Kirchn.) Nash ex Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. compacta Nash, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. compacta-pyramidalis (Beissn.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. compressa (Schwer.) Hornibr. ]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. concinna (Hogg ex Knight) denOuden]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. conica (Endl.) Th.Fr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. cranstonii (Knight) denOuden]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. crippsii Dallim.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. crippsii Hornibr.1939, nom, illeg. hom., non Dallim. 1938]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. decumbens (Hornibr.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. diffusa (Hornibr.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. dumosa (Carrière) L.H.Bailey]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. echiniformis (P.Lawson) L.H.Bailey]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. eremita (Carrière) Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. finedonensis Nash, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. formanek Svoboda]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. germanica Lindq.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. globosa (Berg) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. globosa-nana Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. gracilis Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. gregoryana (Gordon) Nash ex Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. gregoryana Nash, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. gregoryana-parsonsii (Hornibr.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. gregoryana-veitchii (Hornibr.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. gymnoclada Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. humilis (Beissn.) L.H.Bailey]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. hystrix (Hornibr.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. inversa (Gordon) Nash]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. knaptonensis (Hornibr.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. maxwellii Nash, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. maxwellii (R.Sm.) Nash ex Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. microphylla (Carrière) Krüssm.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. minutifolia Grootend. ex Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. mutabilis (Carrière) Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. nana Nash, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. nidiformis (Beissn.) L.H.Bailey 1933, nom. illeg. isonym., non (Beissn.) Slavin 1932]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. nidiformis (Beissn.) Slavin]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. ohlendorffii (Späth) Hornibr. 1939, nom. illeg. isonym., non (Späth) L.H.Bailey 1933]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. ohlendorffii (Späth) L.H.Bailey1933, non (Späth) Hornibr. 1939]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. pachyphylla (Hornibr.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. pendula-major (Simon-Louis ex Sénécl.) denOuden]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. pendula Nash, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. petroewskoensis (Schröder ex Beissn.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. phylicoides (Carrière) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. pseudo-maxwellii (Hornibr.) L.H.Bailey]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. pseudo-prostrata Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. pumila-argentea Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. pumila-glauca (A.H.Kent) L.H.Bailey]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. pumila Nash, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. pumila-nigra (Beissn.) Slavin]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. pumila (R.Sm.) Nash ex Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. pyramidalis-gracilis (Beissn.) Slavin]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. pyramidalis Nash, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. reflexa (Carrière) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. repens (Simon-Louis) L.H.Bailey]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. sargentii (Hornibr.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. shelesnowii (Beissn.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. spathulifolia (Hornibr.) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. tabuliformis (Carrière) Th.Fr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. tuberculata (Schröt.) denOuden & Boom]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. viminalis (Alstr.) Th.Fr.]
  • [=Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. var. virgata (Jacques) Th.Fr.]
  • [=Picea elegantissima Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link 1842, nom. illeg. isonym., non Peterm. 1838]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma acuminata Beck]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma apiculata Beck]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma carpatica (Loudon) Willk.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma columnaris (Jacques) Conw.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma cubans Aulamo]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma deflexa Tyszkiewicz]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma erythrocarpa (Purk.) Wittr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma falcato-viminalis Schwer.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma integrisquamis Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma inversa (Gordon) Brenner]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma lubecensis Rose]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma nigra (Loudon) Willk.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma oligoclada Brenner]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma pallida Kihlm.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma parsonsii Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma pendula-major Simon-Louis ex Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma pyramidalis (Gordon) Berg]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma repens (Simon-Louis) Rehder]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma strigosa Christ]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma veitchii Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link forma virgulata Brenner]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) argentea (Beissn.) Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) columnaris (Jacques) Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) corticata Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) cupressina F.Thomas]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) erecta Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) glomerulans Kihlm.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) monocaulis (Nördl. ex Willk.) Asch. & Graebn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) monstrosa (Loudon) Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) nigra (Loudon) Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) pendula (Booth ex P.Lawson) Asch. & Graebn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) pyramidata (Carrière) Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) triloba (Asch. & Graebn.) Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) tuberculata Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (lusus) virgata (Jacques) Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link, nom. illeg. superfl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (sublusus) brevis Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link subvar. columnaris (Jacques) C.K.Schneid.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link subvar. cupressina (F.Thomas) C.K.Schneid.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link subvar. finedonensis (Paul ex Gordon) C.K.Schneid.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link subvar. pendula (Booth ex P.Lawson) C.K.Schneid.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link subvar. pyramidata (Carrière) C.K.Schneid.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) acutissima Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) araucarioides Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) archangelica Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) argentea Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) argenteospica Hesse ex Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) aureamagnifica Hans. ex Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) barryi Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) carpatica (Loudon) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) cellensis Schiebler ex Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) cincinnata Hesse ex Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) clanbrassiliana-plumosa Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) coerulea Breinig ex Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) compacta (Booth ex G.Kirchn.) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) compacta-pyramidalis Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) dicksonii Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) diedorfiana Schwer.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) echiniformis (P.Lawson) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) elegans (Js.Sm. ex Loudon) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) ellwangeriana Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) falcata F.May]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) finedonensis (Paul ex Gordon) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) gigantea Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) gregoryana (Gordon) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) hercynica Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) humilis Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) interrupta Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) inversa (Gordon) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) maxwellii (R.Sm.) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) merkii Th.Ohlend. ex Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) monstrosa (Loudon) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) nana (Wender.) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) parviformis (R.Sm.) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) parviformis (R.Sm.) Otto, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) petroewskoensis Schröder ex Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) pumila (R.Sm.) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) pyramidalis Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) pyramidalis-gracilis Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) pyramidalis-robusta Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) remontii (R.Sm.) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) shelesnowii Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link (unranked) uwarowi (Kaufm.) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. acrocona Th.Fr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. aegra-myelophthora Casp.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. alpestris (Brügger) Beissn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. archangelica P.Lawson ex Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. attenuata Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. aurea Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. aureo-variegata Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. balcanica Velen.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. brevifolia-argentea Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. capitata Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. capitata Croux 1889, nom. illeg. hom., non Carrière 1855]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. carpatica (Loudon) Willk.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. chlorocarpa Purk.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. clanbrasiliana Carrière, as clambrasiliana]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. clanbrassiliana-elegans Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. clanbrassiliana-stricta (Loudon) Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. columnaris (Jacques) Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. columnaris (Jacques) Sénécl. 1867, nom. illeg. isonym., non (Jacques) Carrière 1855]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. compacta-asselyn Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. compacta (Booth ex G.Kirchn.) Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. compressa Schwer.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. concinna (Hogg ex Knight) Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. conica (Endl.) Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. corticata H.E.Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. cranstonii (Knight) Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. crassifolia Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. decumbens Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. densa Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. denudata Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. denudata Simon-Louise ex Sénécl.1867, nom. illeg., hom. non Carrière1854]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. depressa Berg]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. diffusa Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. dumosa Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. edson Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. eremita Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. erythrocarpa Purk.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. europaea (Tepl.) Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. fastigiata Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. globosa Berg]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. globularis Senecl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. glomerulans Kihlm.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. gracilis Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. gregoryana-parsonsii Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. gregoryana (Paul ex Gordon) Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. gregoryana-veitchii Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. hystrix Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. inflexa Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. intermedia Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. inversa (Gordon) Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. knaptonensis Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. mariae-orffii Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. microphylla Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. microsperma Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. microsperma Masters, nom. inval., num. nud.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. monocaulis Nördl. ex Willk.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. monstruosa Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. mucronata (Loudon) Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. muricata Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. mutabilis Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. nana-argentea Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. nana Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. ohlendorffii Späth]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. pachyphylla Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. palustris Berg]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. pendula (Booth ex P.Lawson) Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. pendula (Booth ex P.Lawson) Ducharte 1857, nom. illeg. isonym., non (Booth ex P.Lawson) Carrière 1855]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. pendula-major Simon-Louis ex Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. pendula Sénécl. 1867, nom. illeg. isonym., non (Booth ex P.Lawson) Carrière 1855]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. phylicoides Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. plicatilis Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. procumbens Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. prostrata C.K.Schneid.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. prostrata Hornibr.1923, nom. illeg. hom., non C.K.Schneid. 1913]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. pruhoniceana Weltz & Hahn]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. pseudomaxwellii Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. pumila-argentea Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. pumilio Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. pygmaea (Loudon) Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. pyramidata Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. reflexa Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. repens Simon-Louis]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. rothenhausii Hahn]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. rubricaulis Sénécl.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. sargentii Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. sibirica Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. spathulifolia Hornibr.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. squarrosa Jacobasch]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. stolonifera Christ]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. stricta (Loudon) Schröt.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. tabuliformis Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. tenuifolia (Js.Sm. ex Loudon) Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. triloba Asch. & Graebn.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. turfosa Lingelsh.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. variegata (Loudon) Carrière]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. viminalis (Alstr.) Casp.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Link var. virgata (Jacques) Willk.]
  • [=Picea excelsa Peterm., nom. illeg. superfl.]
  • [=Picea integrisquamis (Carrière) Chiov.]
  • [=Picea montana Schur]
  • [=Picea rubra A.Dietr., nom. illeg. superfl.]
  • [=Picea subarctica Schur]
  • [=Picea velebitica Simonk. ex Kümmerle]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link forma monocaulis (Nördl. ex Willk.) Beck]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link forma viminalis (Alstr.) Hayek]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link, nom. illeg.]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link subvar. apiculata (Beck) Hayek]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link subvar. balcanica (Velen.) Hayek]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. acuminata (Beck) Beck]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. alpestris (Brügger) Becc.]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. apiculata (Beck) Beck]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. chlorocarpa (Purk.) Berg 1890, nom. illeg. hom., non (Purk.) Jacobasch 1882]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. chlorocarpa (Purk.) Jacobasch]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. erythrocarpa (Purk.) Berg 1890, nom. illeg. isonym., non (Purk.) Jacobasch 1882]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. erythrocarpa (Purk.) Jacobasch]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. europaea Tepl.]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. montana (Schur) Berg]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. uwarowi Kaufm.]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. viminalis (Alstr.) Berg]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. virgata (Jacques) Casp.]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. vulgaris]
  • [=Picea vulgaris Link var. vulgaris Beck 1890, nom. illeg. isonym, non Link 1827]
  • [=Pinus abies L. (basionym)]
  • [=Pinus abies L. forma erythrocarpa (Purk.) Voss]
  • [=Pinus abies L. forma inversa (Gordon) Voss]
  • [=Pinus abies L. forma nigra (Loudon) Voss]
  • [=Pinus abies L. forma pendula (Booth ex P.Lawson) Voss]
  • [=Pinus abies L. subsp. vulgaris Voss, nom. inval.]
  • [=Pinus abies L. var. carpatica (Loudon) Antoine]
  • [=Pinus abies L. var. clanbrassiliana (Loudon) Antoine]
  • [=Pinus abies L. var. clanbrassiliana-stricta (Loudon) Antoine]
  • [=Pinus abies L. var. communis (Loudon) Antoine]
  • [=Pinus abies L. var. gigantea (Loudon) Antoine]
  • [=Pinus abies L. var. monstrosa (Loudon) Antoine]
  • [=Pinus abies L. var. nigra (Loudon) Antoine]
  • [=Pinus abies L. var. pygmaea (Loudon) Antoine]
  • [=Pinus abies L. var. tenuifolia (Loudon) Antoine]
  • [=Pinus abies L. var. viminalis (Alstr.) Antoine 1841, nom. illeg. isonym., non, (Alstr.) Lilj. 1792]
  • [=Pinus abies L. var. viminalis (Alstr.) Lilj.]
  • [=Pinus abies L. var. viminalis (Alstr.) Wahlenb. 1826, nom. illeg. isonym., non, (Alstr.) Lilj. 1792]
  • [=Pinus carpatica (Loudon) hort. ex Gordon, nom. inval.]
  • [=Pinus cinerea Röhl., nom. inval.]
  • [=Pinus clanbrassiliana Lodd., nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Pinus excelsa Lamb.1824, nom. illeg. hom., non Lam.1778]
  • [=Pinus excelsa Lamb. (unranked) elegans (J.Forbes) Rinz, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Pinus excelsa Lamb. (unranked) monstrosa (Loudon) Rinz, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Pinus excelsa Lamb. (unranked) pygmaea (Loudon) Rinz, nom. inval., nom. nud.]
  • [=Pinus excelsa Lam., nom. illeg. superfl.]
  • [=Pinus hybrida Lilj.]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi.1771, nom. illeg. hom. non L. 1753]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. carpatica (Loudon) Endl.]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. clanbrassiliana-elegans C.Lawson]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. clanbrassiliana (Loudon) Endl.]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. clanbrassiliana-stricta (Loudon) Endl.]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. conica Endl.]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. gigantea (Js.Sm. ex Loudon) Endl.]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. lemoniana (Booth ex Gordon) C.Lawson]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. monstrosa (Loudon) Endl.]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. mucronata (Loudon) Endl. ex C.Lawson]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. nigra (Loudon) Endl.]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. pendula (Booth ex P.Lawson) C.Lawson]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. pygmaea (Loudon) Endl.]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. tenuifolia (Js.Sm. ex Loudon) Endl.]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. variegata (Loudon) Endl.]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. viminalis (Alstr.) Endl.]
  • [=Pinus picea DuRoi var. vulgaris Loudon ex Endl.]
  • [=Pinus pyramidalis Salisb., nom. illeg. superfl.]
  • [=Pinus sativa Lam.]
  • [=Pinus viminalis Alstr.]
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